sqlite: prevent database close during callbacks

[mcollina]

Prevent DatabaseSync.close() from finalizing SQLite resources while a JavaScript callback is executing.

SQLite invokes user-defined functions, aggregate functions, authorizers, and changeset callbacks synchronously during database operations. Previously, calling database.close() from one of these callbacks could finalize active statements or the connection while native code was still using them.

This change tracks callback depth and rejects reentrant closes with ERR_INVALID_STATE. It also adds regression coverage for StatementSync.all(), get(), run(), and iterate().

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/sqlite

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 61.29032% with 12 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 90.16%. Comparing base (c8e2a82) to head (a477a99).
⚠️ Report is 82 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/node_sqlite.cc	50.00%	8 Missing and 4 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main   #64743   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   90.16%   90.16%           
=======================================
  Files         746      746           
  Lines      242760   242784   +24     
  Branches    45765    45766    +1     
=======================================
+ Hits       218875   218902   +27     
+ Misses      15375    15367    -8     
- Partials     8510     8515    +5     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/node_sqlite.h	82.60% <100.00%> (+1.96%)	⬆️
src/node_sqlite.cc	80.43% <50.00%> (-0.25%)	⬇️

... and 32 files with indirect coverage changes

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[mertcanaltin]

I checked the guards in the base functions, and the window functions are covered too

and I looked fail test, this fail unrelated this pr

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/75190/

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/75449/

[nodejs-github-bot]

Landed in 5cef767