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A socket with TCP_KEEPCNT set to one can close after its first unanswered keepalive probe even when the application has asked TCP to wait longer. Linux uses the user timeout to decide when to close such a socket [1]. Use the probe count only when TCP_USER_TIMEOUT is zero. Exercise both configurations on the wire with an idle peer that never answers probes. [1] https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/7d0a66e4b/net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c#L825-L839
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A socket with TCP_KEEPCNT set to one can close after its first
unanswered keepalive probe even when the application has asked TCP to
wait longer. Linux uses the user timeout to decide when to close such
a socket 1.
Use the probe count only when TCP_USER_TIMEOUT is zero. Exercise both
configurations on the wire with an idle peer that never answers probes.