minor: Add alias of some SQL types (string, binary, uint64)

[nuno-faria]

Which issue does this PR close?

• N/A.

Rationale for this change

Some sql-parser types were not being processed in DataFusion. This makes it so they map to existing types, as is done in other systems.

What changes are included in this PR?

• Nvarchar/CharacterVarying/CharVarying -> string.
• UBigInt -> uint64.
• Blob/Binary/Varbinary/Bytes -> binary.
• UTinyInt -> uint8.
• USmallInt -> uint16.

I left Blob(n), Varbinary(n). and Bytes(n) to return an error, since in arrow the limits can't be ensured. We could also accept them, just like Varchar(n), but we would need probably need a support_varchar_with_length type config for binary types.

Are these changes tested?

Yes.

Are there any user-facing changes?

New SQL type alias, but no new types are added.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 81.22%. Comparing base (19f2e85) to head (1bea0c3).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #24398      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   81.22%   81.22%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files        1113     1113              
  Lines      392250   392252       +2     
  Branches   392250   392252       +2     
==========================================
- Hits       318596   318589       -7     
- Misses      54910    54914       +4     
- Partials    18744    18749       +5     

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[nuno-faria]

I have also added UTinyInt -> uint8 and USmallInt -> uint16, as well as some more tests.